Scaliform polytope

A scaliform polytope is an isogonal polytope with a single edge length. Unlike uniforms, there is no requirement that elements are also isogonal. The term originated in the online enthusiast community, with the term coined by Jonathan Bowers from the words "scale" and "uniform".

Scaliform polytopes are precisely the uniform polytopes up to and including 3D. However, in 4D and above there are scaliform polytopes that are not uniform. Most effort has concentrated on finding non-uniform scaliform polytopes that are also convex, but some nonconvex scaliforms have been studied too.

Properties
Restricting discussion to finite planar polytopes, all elements must be orbiform, i.e. having a single edge length and being inscribed in a hypersphere. All faces are regular polygons.

Convex
Research into scaliforms was spawned by Richard Klitzing's 2000 discovery of the truncated tetrahedral alterprism (formerly called the truncated tetrahedral cupoliprism), the simplest convex, non-uniform scaliform polychoron.

There are only four known non-uniform convex scaliform polychora:


 * truncated tetrahedral alterprism
 * bi-icositetradiminished hexacosichoron
 * prismatorhombisnub icositetrachoron
 * swirlprismatodiminished rectified hexacosichoron

The cells of a convex scaliform polytope must be either convex uniform polyhedra or one of the Johnson solids with a circumscribed sphere.

Non-convex
If we include non-convex cases, the total number of known scaliform polychora rises to an infinite amount, the hemiantiprisms form an infinite family, and at least 855 for non-prismatic cases, though like with the uniform polychora this list is not known to be complete.

5D
In 5D, the duoantiwedges, also known as duoantifastegiaprisms, form an infinite family of scaliform polytera. There are also infinite families such as the polygonal disphenoids and duoprismatic cupoliprisms, though in each case only one member is convex. The number of total scaliform polytopes in 5D and higher is not yet known, as little research has been done.

6D+
Infinite sets of scaliform polytopes can be created from the Cartesian product of a scaliform polytope and either a regular polygon or a 3D antiprism.