Small prismatodecachoron

The small prismatodecachoron, or spid, also commonly called the runcinated 5-cell or runcinated pentachoron, is a convex uniform polychoron that consists of 10 regular tetrahedra and 20 triangular prisms. 2 tetrahedra and 6 triangular prisms join at each vertex. It is the result of expanding the cells of a pentachoron outwards.

The small prismatodecachoron of edge length ($\sqrt{2}$+1)/2 can be vertex-inscribed into a grand antiprism, and indeed the regular hexacosichoron as well.

It can also be obtained as one of several isogonal hulls of 2 10-3 step prisms, which could be called the triangular-prismatic 10-3 double gyrostep prism.

Vertex coordinates
The vertices of a small prismatodecachoron of edge length 1 are given by the following points:


 * $$±\left(0,\,0,\,0,\,±1\right),$$
 * $$±\left(0,\,0,\,±\frac{\sqrt3}{2},\,±\frac12\right),$$
 * $$±\left(0,\,\frac{\sqrt6}{3},\,-\frac{\sqrt3}{3},\,0\right),$$
 * $$±\left(0,\,\frac{\sqrt6}{3},\,\frac{\sqrt3}{6},\,±\frac12\right),$$
 * $$±\left(\frac{\sqrt{10}}{4},\,-\frac{\sqrt6}{4},\,0,\,0\right),$$
 * $$±\left(\frac{\sqrt{10}}{4},\,\frac{\sqrt6}{12},\,-\frac{\sqrt3}{3},\,0\right),$$
 * $$±\left(\frac{\sqrt{10}}{4},\,\frac{\sqrt6}{12},\,\frac{\sqrt3}{6},\,±\frac12\right).$$

Much simpler coordinates can be given in five dimensions, as all permutations of:


 * $$\left(\frac{\sqrt2}{2},\,\frac{\sqrt2}{2},\,\frac{\sqrt2}{2},\,\frac{\sqrt2}{2},\,0\right).$$

Representations
A small prismatodecachoron has the following Coxeter diagrams:


 * x3o3o3x (full symmetry)
 * xxo3ooo3oxx&#xt (A3 axial, tetrahedron-first)
 * x(ou)x x(xo)o3o(xo)x&#xt (A2×A1 axial, triangular prism-first)
 * (xoxxox)(uo) (oxxoxx)(ou)&#xr (A1×A1 axial)

Variations
The small prismatodecachoron has a few subsymmetrical isogonal variants:


 * Small disprismatopentapentachoron - Single pen symmetry, 2 sets of each type of cell
 * Triangular-prismatic 10-3 duoble gyrostep prism - 1 of the hulls of 10-3 step prisms, has gyrochoron symmetry

Related polychora
The small prismatodecachoron is the colonel of a 5-member regiment. Its other members include the decahemidecachoron, the prismatohemidecachoron, the prismatopentahemidecachoron, and the spinoprismatodispentachoron. The first two of these polychora have full symmetry, while the latter two have single symmety only.

A small prismatodecachoron can be cut in half to produce two identical tetrahedron atop cuboctahedron segmentochora, with the tetrahedral bases in dual orientations. The triangular cupofastegium can also be obtained as a wedge of the small prismatodecachoron, in triangular prism-first orientation.

Isogonal derivatives
Substitution by vertices of these following elements will produce these convex isogonal polychora:
 * Tetrahedron (10): Bidecachoron
 * Triangular prism (20): Biambodecachoron
 * Square (30): Decachoron
 * Triangle (40): Bitruncatodecachoron
 * Edge (60): Rectified small prismatodecachoron