Near-miss Johnson solid
A near-miss Johnson solid is a polyhedron that visually approximates a Johnson solid, but which does not meet all of the requirements to be one. It can have slightly irregular faces, usually close enough to regular that one can make a physical model with regular faces and not notice a problem, by having slightly differing edge lengths and/or internal angles of faces.
Near-miss Johnson solids can be divided into two types:
If all vertices of a near-miss Johnson solid have polyhedral angles measuring less than 2π (if the polygons surrounding those vertices were regular), the polyhedron is considered locally spherical.
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Tetrated dodecahedron | Order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | Sesquitruncated octahedron | Hexagonally expanded snub dodecahedron |
If a near-miss Johnson solid has any vertices that are planar (if the polygons surrounding those vertices were regular), the polyhedron is considered locally Euclidean.
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Chamfered cube | Chamfered dodecahedron | Rectified truncated icosahedron | Icosahedrally expanded chamfered dodecahedron |
The Goldberg polyhedra and their dual geodesic polyhedra may also be thought of as locally Euclidean near-miss Johnson solids since they approach the regular hexagonal tiling and the triangular tiling respectively as the number of faces increases.
Unlike Johnson solids which have at most prismatic or antiprismatic symmetry, these near-misses can have high degrees of symmetry.
List of near-miss Johnson solids[edit | edit source]
Name | Image | Vertex types | Vertices | Edges | Faces | Face types | Symmetry | Notes | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sesquitruncated square pyramid
(Heptagonal-faced polyhedron) |
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6x 3.7.8
|
20 | 32 | 14 | 4+4 triangles
1 square 1 octagons |
B2×I | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated triangular bipyramid
(Octagonal-faced polyhedron) |
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6+6+6x 3.8.8
|
30 | 51 | 23 | 6+6+2 triangles
3 squares 6 octagons |
A2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated octahedron
(Enneagonal-faced polyhedron) |
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24x 3.4.3.9 24x 3.9.9 |
48 | 84 | 38 | 24 triangles 6 squares 8 enneagons |
BC3 | As seen here | Locally spherical |
Sesquitruncated rhombic dodecahedron
(Decagonal-faced polyhedron) |
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24x 3.4.3.10
|
72 | 120 | 50 | 8+24 triangles 6 squares 12 decagons |
BC3 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated trapezo-rhombic dodecahedron | ![]() |
6+12+12+6+6+6x 3.10.10
|
72 | 120 | 50 | 2+6+6+6+12 triangles
6 squares 6+6 decagons |
A2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated pentagonal bifrustum | ![]() |
20+10+10+10x 3.10.10
|
70 | 115 | 47 | 10+10+10 triangles
5 squares 2+10 decagons |
H2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated hexagonal bifrustum | ![]() |
12+12+12x 3.10.10
|
84 | 138 | 56 | 12+12+12 triangles
6 squares 12 decagons |
G2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated pentagonal icositetrahedron
(Hendecagonal-faced polyhedron) |
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24x 3.4.3.11 24+24+24+24+24x 3.11.11 |
144 | 228 | 86 | 8+24+24 triangles 6 squares 24 hendecagons |
BC3+ | As seen here | Locally spherical |
Sesquitruncated deltoidal icositetrahedron | ![]() |
24+24+24+24x 3.11.11
|
168 | 288 | 122 | 8+24+24+24 triangles
6+12 squares 24 hendecagons |
BC3 | As seen here | Locally spherical |
Sesquitruncated gyrodeltoidal icositetrahedron
(Sesquitruncated dual of J37) |
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16+16+16+8+8+8+8+8+8x 3.11.11
|
168 | 288 | 122 | 8+8+8+8+8+8+16+16 triangles
2+8+8 squares 8+16 hendecagons |
B2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated tetradeltoctapentagonal icositetrahedron
(Sesquitruncated dual of J45) |
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8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8x 3.11.11
|
152 | 248 | 98 | 8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8 triangles
2+8 squares 8+8+8 hendecagons |
B2×A1+ | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated order-6 truncated tetrakis hexahedron | ![]() |
24+24+24x 3.11.11
|
192 | 300 | 110 | 24+24+24 triangles
6 squares 24 hendecagons |
BC3 | Locally spherical | |
Sesquitruncated cuboctahedron | ![]() |
24x 3.4.3.12
|
96 | 168 | 74 | 48 triangles
12 squares |
BC3 | locally Euclidean | |
Truncated order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | ![]() |
12+12+12x 3.10.10 24+24x 3.10.12 |
84 | 126 | 44 | 4+12+12 triangles 12 decagons 4 dodecagons |
A3 | Truncated #22[1]As seen here | Locally spherical |
Rectified order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | ![]() |
12+6x 5.3.5.3
|
42 | 84 | 44 | 4+12+12 triangles 12 pentagons 4 hexagons |
A3 | Rectified #22[1] | Locally spherical |
Expanded order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | ![]() |
12x 3.4.5.4
|
60 | 96 | 38 | 4 triangles
6+12 squares 12 pentagons |
A3 | Expanded #22[1] | Locally spherical |
Tetrated dodecahedron | ![]() |
4x 5.5.5 12x 3.5.3.5 12x 3.3.5.5 |
28 | 54 | 28 | 4+12 triangles 12 pentagons |
A3 | [2] | Locally spherical |
Chiral tetrated dodecahedron | ![]() |
4x 5.5.5 6x 3.5.3.5 12x 3.3.5.5 12x 3.3.3.3.5 |
34 | 72 | 40 | 4+12+12 triangles 12 pentagons |
A3+ | As seen here, here, and here | Locally spherical |
Tetrahedrally expanded tetrated dodecahedron | ![]() |
12x 3.5.3.5 12x 3.4.5.4 24x 3.4.4.5 |
48 | 96 | 50 | 4+4+12 triangles 6+12 squares 12 pentagons |
A3 | [3]
Also seen here |
Locally spherical |
Snub expanded tetrated dodecahedron | ![]() |
12x 3.5.3.5 12+12+12x 3.3.3.3.5 |
48 | 114 | 68 | 4+4+12+12+12+12 triangles 12 pentagons |
A3+ | [3] | Locally spherical |
Hexagonally expanded snub dodecahedron
(Pentahexagonal pyritoheptacontatetrahedron) |
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12x 3.5.6.5 24x 3.3.5.6 24x 3.3.3.3.5 |
60 | 132 | 74 | 24+24+8 triangles 12 pentagons 6 hexagons |
BC3/2 | [2], [3] | Locally spherical |
Bipentagonal snub dodecahedron | ![]() |
12x 3.3.5.5 12+24x 3.3.3.3.5 |
48 | 114 | 68 | 8+24+24 triangles 12 pentagons |
BC3/2 | [3] | Locally spherical |
Order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid
(Three-dimensional associahedron) |
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2x 5.5.5 12x 4.5.5 |
14 | 21 | 9 | 3 squares 6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | [2] | Locally spherical |
Disdyakis order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid | ![]() |
2x 5.5.5 3x 3.3.3.3 6+6x 3.3.5.5 |
17 | 33 | 18 | 12 triangles 6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | As seen here | Locally spherical |
Partially expanded disdyakis order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid | ![]() |
6x 3.4.5 6x 3.3.4.4 6x 3.3.5.5 12x 3.4.4.5 |
30 | 60 | 32 | 2+12 triangles 6+6 squares 6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Elongated disdyakis order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid | ![]() |
2x 5.5.5 6x 3.3.4.4 6x 3.3.5.5 12x 3.4.4.5 |
26 | 51 | 27 | 12 triangles 3+6 squares 6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | As seen here | Locally spherical |
Expanded disdyakis order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid | ![]() |
6x 3.4.5.4 12+12x 3.4.4.5 12x 3.4.4.4 |
42 | 84 | 44 | 2+12 triangles 3+3+6+6+6 squares 6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Triated dodecahedron | ![]() |
6x 5.5.5 3+6x 3.5.3.5 12x 3.3.5.5 |
27 | 51 | 26 | 2+12 triangles 6+6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | [2] | Locally spherical |
Partially truncated trapezo-rhombic dodecahedron | ![]() |
2x 5.5.5
|
29 | 57 | 30 | 6+12 triangles
6+6 pentagons |
A2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Bisquare icosahedron | ![]() |
1x 3.4.3.4
|
13 | 31 | 20 | 2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles
2 squares |
K2+×I | Locally spherical | |
Parabiaugmented 5-5-4 acrohedron | ![]() |
2x 3.3.3.3.4
|
18 | 40 | 24 | 2 pentagons
2+2 squares 2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles |
K2+×I | #26 on the Orchidpalms list[1], and a parabiaugmented #6 | Locally spherical |
Semi-rectified pentagonal bipyramid | ![]() |
10x 5.5.5
|
25 | 45 | 22 | 10 triangles
2+10 pentagons |
H2×A1 | Locally spherical | |
Diminished triaugmented truncated octahedron | ![]() |
6x 4.6.6
|
21 | 36 | 17 | 6+3 triangles
3 squares 3+1 hexagons 1 enneagon |
A2×I | Locally spherical | |
Diminished triaugmented truncated icosahedron | ![]() |
10x 3.5.15
|
35 | 60 | 27 | 10+5 triangles
5+1 pentagons 5 hexagons |
H2×I | Locally spherical | |
Diminished rectified order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | ![]() |
6x 3.6.12
|
24 | 42 | 20 | 3+3+3 triangles 6 pentagons 1 hexagon |
A2×I | Locally spherical | |
Sphenomegalunacorona | ![]() |
1x 3.3.3.3 2x 3.3.3.3.3 2x 3.3.3.3.5 4x 3.3.4.5 4x 4.4.5 |
13 | 26 | 15 | 2+4+4 triangles 1+2 squares 2 pentagons |
K2×I | #1 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Tetrasquare icosioctahedron | ![]() |
2x 3.3.4.4 2+2x 3.3.3.3.3 2+2+4+4x 3.3.3.3.4 |
18 | 44 | 28 | 2+2+4+4+4+4+4 triangles 2+2 squares |
K2×I | #2 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Bisquare dodecahedron | ![]() |
1x 3.4.4 1x 3.3.4.4 1x 3.3.3.3.3 2x 3.3.3.4 2x 3.3.3.3.4 1+1x 3.3.3.3 |
9 | 19 | 12 | 1+1+2+2+2+2 triangles 2 squares |
A1×I×I | #3 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Trisquare enneadecahedron | ![]() |
1x 4.4.4 3x 3.3.4.4 3x 3.3.3.3.4 3+3x 3.3.3.3.3 |
13 | 30 | 19 | 1+3+3+3+3+3 triangles 3 squares |
A2×I | #4 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Belted bilunarotunda | ![]() |
1x 3.5.3.5 4x 3.4.5 4x 3.4.4.4 4x 3.4.3.5 |
13 | 24 | 13 | 2+4 triangles 1+2+2 squares 2 pentagons |
K2×I | #5 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
5-5-4 acrohedron | ![]() |
4x 4.4.5 4x 3.4.3.5 8x 3.3.4.5 |
16 | 30 | 16 | 8 triangles 4 squares 4 pentagons |
BC2×A1/2 | #6 on the orchidpalms list[1] (diminished #23) | Locally spherical |
Diminished sphenocorona | ![]() |
2x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.3.3.4 2x 3.4.5 1+2x 3.3.3.5 |
9 | 17 | 10 | 1+2+2+2 triangles 1+1 squares 1 pentagon |
A1×I×I | #7 on the orchidpalms list[1] [4] | Locally spherical |
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1x 4.4.5 1x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.3.4.5 2x 3.3.3.3.5 1+1+2+2x 3.3.3.3.4
|
17 | 40 | 25 | 1+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+2 squares 1 pentagons |
A1×I×I | #8 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
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2x 3.6.6 4x 3.4.3.6 4x 3.3.4.4 4x 3.4.4.4 4x 3.3.4.6 |
18 | 35 | 19 | 2+4+4 triangles 1+2+2+2 squares 2 hexagons |
K2×I | #9 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
Trisquare icosiheptahedron | ![]() |
1x 3.4.3.4 2+4x 3.3.3.3.3 2+2+2+4x 3.3.3.3.4 |
17 | 42 | 27 | 2+2+4+4+4+4+4 triangles 2+1 squares |
K2×I | #10 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
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1x 3.3.3.3.5 1x 3.3.3.3.3 2x 3.4.5 2x 3.3.3.4 2x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.4.4.4 2x 3.4.3.5 |
12 | 24 | 14 | 1+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+1+2 squares 1 pentagon |
A1×I×I | #11 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
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3x 3.4.3.4 6x 3.4.3.6 3+6x 3.4.5.4 6x 4.5.6 |
24 | 45 | 23 | 3+3+3 triangles 3+6 squares 3 pentagons 2 hexagon |
A2×I | #12 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
Semi-rectified hexagonal bipyramid | ![]() |
12x 5.5.6 6x 3.5.3.5 12x 3.3.5.5 |
30 | 54 | 26 | 12 triangles 12 pentagons 2 hexagons |
G2×A1 | #13 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Semi-rectified order-6 truncated hexagonal antitegum | ![]() |
12x 3.4.3.6 12x 3.4.4.4 |
24 | 48 | 26 | 12 triangles 12 squares 2 hexagons |
I2(12)×A1/2 | #14 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Bidiminished expanded semi-rectified hexagonal bipyramid | ![]() |
6x 3.5.3.5 24x 4.5.12 24x 3.4.4.5 |
54 | 96 | 44 | 12 triangles 6+12 squares 12 pentagons 2 dodecagons |
G2×A1 | #15 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Tetrasquare icosioctahedron | ![]() |
2x 3.4.3.4 4x 3.3.3.3.3 4+4+4x 3.3.3.3.4 |
18 | 44 | 28 | 4+4+4+4+4+4 triangles 4 squares |
K2+×I | #16 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
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2x 3.5.5 2x 3.3.3.3.5 4x 3.4.3.5 2+4x 3.3.4.4 |
14 | 28 | 16 | 2+4+4 triangles 2+2 squares 2 pentagons |
K2×I | #17 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
Trisquare tridecahedron | ![]() |
1x 3.3.3 1x 3.4.4 1x 3.3.4.4 1x 3.3.3.3.3 2x 3.4.3.4 2x 3.3.3.4 2x 3.3.3.3.4 |
10 | 21 | 13 | 1+1+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+2 squares |
A1×I×I | #18 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
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1x 3.5.5 1x 3.3.3.3 1x 3.3.5.5 1x 3.3.3.3.3 2x 3.4.3.5 2x 3.3.3.3.4 2+2x 3.3.4.4 2+2x 3.3.3.3.5 |
16 | 35 | 21 | 1+1+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+1+1 squares 2 pentagons |
A1×I×I | #19 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
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1x 3.3.3.3 2x 3.5.5 2x 3.3.4.4 4x 3.4.3.5 2+2+2x 3.3.5.5 |
15 | 29 | 16 | 2+4+4 triangles 2 squares 4 pentagons |
K2×I | #20 on the orchidpalms list[1] (contracted #29) | Locally spherical | |
Tetrasquare pentadecahedron | ![]() |
2x 3.3.4.4 1+2x 3.4.3.4 1+1+2x 3.3.3.3.3 2+2+2x 3.3.3.3.4 |
15 | 35 | 22 | 1+1+1+1+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+1+2 squares |
A1×I×I | #21 on the orchidpalms list[1] (augmented #27) | Locally spherical |
Order-6 truncated triakis tetrahedron | ![]() |
4x 5.5.5 12+12x 5.5.6 |
28 | 42 | 16 | 12 pentagons 4 hexagons |
A3 | #22 on the orchidpalms list[1][2] | Locally spherical |
Pentakis 5-5-4 acrohedron | ![]() |
4+4+8x 3.3.3.3.4 4x 3.3.3.3.3 |
20 | 50 | 32 | 4+8+8+8 triangles 4 squares |
BC2×A1/2 | #23 on the orchidpalms list[1] (augmented #6) | Locally spherical |
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1x 3.3.3.3.5 2+2x 3.3.4.5 1+1+1+2x 3.3.3.3.3 2+2+2+2x 3.3.3.3.4 |
18 | 39 | 23 | 1+1+1+2+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+2 squares 1 pentagon |
A1×I×I | #24 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical | |
Quasigyrodisphenocingulum | ![]() |
4x 3.3.4.4 4x 3.3.3.3.3 8x 3.3.3.3.4 |
16 | 38 | 24 | 4+4+4+8 triangles 4 squares |
K2+×I | #25 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Diminished tetrasquare pentadecahedron | ![]() |
2x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.3.4.5 1+2x 3.4.3.4 1+2x 3.3.3.5 2+2x 3.3.3.3.4 |
14 | 30 | 18 | 1+1+1+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+1+2 squares 1 pentagon |
A1×I×I | #27 on the orchidpalms list[1] (diminished #21) | Locally spherical |
Second trisquare enneadecahedron | ![]() |
1x 3.3.3.3 1+1x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.3.3.4 1+1x 3.3.3.3.3 2+2+2x 3.3.3.3.4 |
13 | 30 | 19 | 1+1+2+2+2+2+2+2+2 triangles 1+2 squares |
A1×I×I | #28 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
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2x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.5.5 2x 3.3.5.5 4x 3.4.4.4 4x 3.4.3.5 4+4x 3.4.4.5 |
22 | 43 | 23 | 2+4+4 triangles 1+2+2+2+2 squares 4 pentagons |
K2×I | #29 on the orchidpalms list[1] (elongated #20) | Locally spherical | |
Gyrate partially expanded disdyakis order-4 truncated triangular bipyramid | ![]() |
6x 3.4.5.4 12x 3.3.4.5 12x 3.4.4.5 |
30 | 60 | 32 | 2+12 triangles 6+6 squares 6 pentagons |
G2×A1/2 | #30 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
Diminished disphenocingulum | ![]() |
2x 3.3.4.4 2x 3.3.3.3.3 4x 3.3.3.3.4 2+4x 3.3.3.6 |
14 | 31 | 19 | 2+2+4+4+4 triangles 2 squares 1 hexagon |
K2×I | #31 on the orchidpalms list[1] | Locally spherical |
11E | ![]() |
2x 4.4.4 6x 3.3.4.4 |
11 | 21 | 12 | 6 squares
6 triangles |
A2×A1 | As seen here[5] | Locally spherical |
14E | ![]() |
2x 4.4.4 6x 3.3.4.4 |
14 | 30 | 18 | 6 squares
12 triangles |
G2×A1/2 | As seen here[5] | Locally spherical |
Chamfered cube | ![]() |
8x 6.6.6 24x 4.6.6 |
32 | 48 | 18 | 6 squares 12 hexagons |
BC3 | locally Euclidean | |
Sesquitruncated icosidodecahedron | ![]() |
60x 3.4.3.15
|
240 | 420 | 182 | 120 triangles
30 squares 20 enneagons |
H3 | Locally
Hyperbolic | |
Chamfered dodecahedron | ![]() |
20x 6.6.6 60x 5.6.6 |
80 | 120 | 42 | 12 pentagons 30 hexagons |
H3 | locally Euclidean | |
Rectified truncated icosahedron | ![]() |
30x 3.6.3.6 60x 3.5.3.6 |
90 | 180 | 92 | 60 triangles 12 pentagons 20 hexagons |
H3 | [2]
Also mentioned here |
locally Euclidean |
Truncated truncated icosahedron | ![]() |
60x 3.12.12 120x 3.10.12 |
180 | 270 | 92 | 60 triangles 12 decagons 20 dodecagons |
H3 | [2] | locally Euclidean |
Rectified chamfered dodecahedron
(Rectified truncated rhombic triacontahedron) |
![]() |
60x 3.5.3.6 60x 3.6.3.6 |
120 | 240 | 122 | 20+60 triangles 12 pentagons 30 hexagons |
H3 | As seen here and here | locally Euclidean |
Icosahedrally expanded chamfered dodecahedron
(Dodecadiminished expanded truncated icosahedron) |
![]() |
60x 3.4.6.4 120x 3.4.6 |
180 | 300 | 122 | 20 triangles 60 squares 30 hexagons 12 decagons |
H3 | Mentioned here and here | locally Euclidean |
Expanded truncated icosahedron | ![]() |
60x 3.4.5.4 120x 3.4.6.4 |
180 | 360 | 182 | 60 triangles 30+60 squares 12 pentagons 20 hexagons |
H3 | [2]
Also mentioned here |
locally Euclidean |
Snub rectified truncated icosahedron | ![]() |
60x 3.3.3.3.5 60+60x 3.3.3.3.6 |
180 | 450 | 272 | 60+60+120 triangles 12 pentagons 20 hexagons |
H3+ | [2] | locally Euclidean |
External links[edit | edit source]
- Orchidpalms. "Near Miss Polyhedra."
- Robertlovespi. "Tag: Johnson solid."
- Ed Baumann. "Modified Johnson Near Misses"
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 Johnson Solid Near Misses
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Near-miss Johnson solid
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Near Misses based on dodecahedra
- ↑ Wedges
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Miscellaneous Polyhedra